(Re)avaliando papéis de gênero na guerra a partir do Legendarium de Tolkien: agência, escolha e recusa nas histórias de Arwen Undómiel e Éowyn de Rohan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21119/anamps.71.115-137Palavras-chave:
Tolkien, O Senhor dos Anéis, gênero, agência, guerra.Resumo
Papéis de gênero na obra de J. R. R. Tolkien têm sido objeto de intenso debate nos últimos anos, especialmente no que se refere ao espaço supostamente secundário oferecido às figuras femininas no Legendarium. À luz dessas discussões, o presente artigo pretende reavaliar a representação de Arwen Undómiel e Éowyn de Rohan durante a Guerra do Anel, discutindo se as ações dessas personagens fornecem possibilidades de teorização da agência feminina na guerra pela recusa de papeis tradicionais de gênero. Como objetivos específicos, pretendo: a) coletar as perspectivas de Tolkien sobre essas duas mulheres ao longo do Legendarium; e b) identificar personalidades femininas da vida real que participaram de conflitos bélicos e de direitos civis durante o século XX. Em termos metodológicos, o trabalho se ampara numa pesquisa bibliográfica exploratória e na análise documental do Legendarium. Os resultados sugerem que, embora se possa argumentar que figuras femininas (especialmente Arwen) ocupam posições coadjuvantes e relativamente idealizadas nos textos de Tolkien, os atos de recusa dessas personagens efetivamente contestam paradigmas de gênero, problematizam significados tradicionais do lugar da mulher no contexto da guerra e fornecem percepções relevantes sobre a desestabilização do dispositivo sexual na literatura, no Direito e na sociedade como um todo.
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